openmaterials.ai / codes / AMSET

AMSET: carrier scattering rates and transport from first principles

Scattering rates for anisotropic semiconductors from materials parameters alone, with no DFPT electron-phonon step, at about 1/500th the cost of DFPT plus Wannier (Ganose 2021).

What it is and how it works

Four mechanisms, one transport equation

Acoustic deformation potential, piezoelectric, ionized impurity and polar optical phonon matrix elements, each extended to the full elastic, piezoelectric and dielectric tensors, feed the Boltzmann transport equation.

Matrix elements from tensors

Acoustic strain comes from the Christoffel equation with the full elastic tensor, so the longitudinal and both transverse modes enter one matrix element.

Inputs

PBE bands on a uniform k mesh, wave functions, elastic, dielectric and piezoelectric tensors, deformation potentials and a polar phonon frequency.

Brillouin zone integration

A modified linear tetrahedron scheme puts hundreds of points on each cross section's energy-conserving surface and handles the 1/q^4 impurity singularity (Ganose 2021).

Outputs

Band- and k-resolved lifetimes, mobility in cm^2/(V s), conductivity in S/m, Seebeck coefficient in muV/K and electronic thermal conductivity in W/(m K).

Cost

The mobility of NbFeSb and Ba2BiAu took 29 core hours against 8350 for DFPT plus Wannier. The transport step alone runs in under an hour on a laptop (Ganose 2021).

What people do with it

  • 0.93Spearman rank of calculated vs measured mobilityGanose 2021
  • 1/500cost relative to DFPT plus WannierGanose 2021
  • 48atoms in CH3NH3PbI3, the largest cell testedGanose 2021

Thermoelectric Cs3Cu2I5

AMSET gives a room temperature electron mobility of 18.2 cm^2/(V s) at 4e18 cm^-3, limited by polar optical phonons. With kappa_L below 0.1 W/(m K), ZT reaches 2.57 at 600 K. Jung 2021

Band transport in Sb2S3 and Sb2Se3

At 300 K AMSET mobilities average about 40 cm^2/(V s) for electrons and 15 for holes, limited by polar optical phonons, consistent with large polarons rather than self-trapping. Wang 2022

Pb-based ZrCuSiAs-type thermoelectrics

PbCuSeF, PbAgSeF and PbAgTeF lie within 25 meV/atom of the hull with kappa_L below 1 W/(m K). AMSET gives them higher power factors than their Ba analogs. He 2021

How it is used

  1. Run DFT in VASP

    Relax, then a uniform non-self-consistent run at 1000 k-points/A^3 for bands and states.

  2. Collect parameters

    Elastic, dielectric and piezoelectric tensors, deformation potentials, phonon frequency.

  3. Set conditions

    Temperatures and carrier concentrations, and a scissor to the HSE06 gap if wanted.

  4. Compute scattering rates

    Interpolate with BoltzTraP2, integrate each mechanism over q with the tetrahedron scheme.

  5. Read transport

    Mobility, conductivity, Seebeck and electronic thermal conductivity at each T and doping.